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ATHENS

1456

Following to Constantinople’s fate, Athens was also occupied by Mohammed B’ in 1456, who granted the Athenians with small privileges of property and self-government. The dominated Athenians were divided in four classes: the sovereigns, the propertied, the marketers and the villagers. The sovereigns were of great income, did not have a concrete profession and engaged their properties to the cultivators and their shops to the marketers. The “elders” were elected among them. The elders assembled in their hands the power of “self-government”. They were elected for one year by the electorate consisted of the Chairman of the Guilds, the notables and the clergy. They were in session in “Cousegio” in the ancient market. They had to manage the community’s fortune, to judge public affairs except for penal cases, to monitor and verify that the Athenians were legal in their obligations towards the Turkish authorities and, finally, to gather and attribute to Voevoda (an entitled Turk) the cephalic tax. The propertied had incomes from either their privately owned or not properties that cultivated themselves. The marketers mainly dealt with the trade and were organized in guilds. The villagers lived outside from the main city and cultivated the fields. The Metropolitan was in head of the Church and was elected by the Ecumenical Patriarch and the Holily Synod.

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